Robert Dantzer

Differential effects of inescapable footshocks and of stimuli previously paired with inescapable footshocks on dopamine turnover in cortical and limbic areas of the rat

Twenty years of research on cytokine-induced sickness behavior

Cytokine-induced sickness behavior was recognized within a few years of the cloning and expression of interferon-alpha, IL-1 and IL-2, which occurred around the time that the fi...

Cytokine-Induced Sickness Behavior: Where Do We Stand?

Sickness behavior refers to the coordinated set of behavioral changes that develop in sick individuals during the course of an infection. At the molecular level, these changes a...

Stress and immunity: An integrated view of relationships between the brain and the immune system

The old notion that stress exacerbates the progression of physical illness via its corticosteroid-mediated immunosuppressive effects must be revised. Experimental and clinical s...

Peripheral administration of lipopolysaccharide induces the expression of cytokine transcripts in the brain and pituitary of mice

The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to assess the induction of mRNA of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1 beta, IL-6 and TNF alpha in the splee...

Neural and humoral pathways of communication from the immune system to the brain: parallel or convergent?

The first studies carried out on the mechanisms by which peripheral immune stimuli signal the brain to induce fever, activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and si...

Cytokine signals propagate through the brain

Interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) are proinflammatory cytokines that are constitutively expressed in healthy, adult brain where they mediate normal...

Central injection of IL-10 antagonizes the behavioural effects of lipopolysaccharide in rats

Peripheral (i.p.) and central (i.c.v.) injections of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) have been shown to induce brain expression of proinflammatory cytokines and to depress social behav...

Expression and regulation of interleukin-1 receptors in the brain. Role in cytokines-induced sickness behavior

Sickness behavior refers to the coordinated set of behavior changes that develop in sick individuals during the course of an infection. At the molecular level, these changes are...

From inflammation to sickness and depression: when the immune system subjugates the brain

In response to a peripheral infection, innate immune cells produce pro-inflammatory cytokines that act on the brain to cause sickness behaviour. When activation of the periphera...

Central administration of insulin-like growth factor-1 inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced sickness behavior in mice

To assess the possible modulatory effects of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) on the brain effects of proinflammatory cytokines, male CD-1 mice were injected into the latera...

Expression and Action of Cytokines in the Brain: Mechanisms and Pathophysiological Implications