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Mendelian randomization: Using genes as instruments for making causal inferences in epidemiology
Abstract Observational epidemiological studies suffer from many potential biases, from confounding and from reverse causation, and this limits their ability to robustly identify...
Analysis of Individual Differences in Multidimensional Scaling Via an N-way Generalization of “Eckart-Young” Decomposition
An individual differences model for multidimensional scaling is outlined in which individuals are assumed differentially to weight the several dimensions of a common “psychologi...
Laplacian Eigenmaps and Spectral Techniques for Embedding and Clustering
Drawing on the correspondence between the graph Laplacian, the Laplace-Beltrami operator on a manifold, and the connections to the heat equation, we propose a geometrically moti...
Inception-v4, Inception-ResNet and the Impact of Residual Connections on Learning
Very deep convolutional networks have been central to the largest advances in image recognition performance in recent years. One example is the Inception architecture that has b...
2. Classification and Diagnosis of Diabetes:<i>Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes—2022</i>
The American Diabetes Association (ADA) “Standards of Medical Care in Diabetes” includes the ADA’s current clinical practice recommendations and is intended to provide the compo...
A global panel database of pandemic policies (Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker)
COVID-19 has prompted unprecedented government action around the world. We introduce the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT), a dataset that addresses the need ...
Evaluation: from precision, recall and F-measure to ROC, informedness, markedness and correlation
Commonly used evaluation measures including Recall, Precision, F-Measure and Rand Accuracy are biased and should not be used without clear understanding of the biases, and corre...
A nationwide survey of psychological distress among Chinese people in the COVID-19 epidemic: implications and policy recommendations
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic emerged in Wuhan, China, spread nationwide and then onto half a dozen other countries between December 2019 and early 2020. The ...
Model Selection and Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC): The General Theory and its Analytical Extensions
During the last fifteen years, Akaike's entropy-based Information Criterion (AIC) has had a fundamental impact in statistical model evaluation problems. This paper studies the g...
A Common Variant in the <i>FTO</i> Gene Is Associated with Body Mass Index and Predisposes to Childhood and Adult Obesity
Obesity is a serious international health problem that increases the risk of several common diseases. The genetic factors predisposing to obesity are poorly understood. A genome...
Diagnosis, Staging, and Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: 2018 Practice Guidance by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
Marrero, Jorge A.; Kulik, Laura M.; Sirlin, Claude B.; Zhu, Andrew X.; Finn, Richard S.; Abecassis, Michael M.; Roberts, Lewis R.; Heimbach, Julie K. Author Information