Parallel Distributed Processing
What makes people smarter than computers? These volumes by a pioneering neurocomputing group suggest that the answer lies in the massively parallel architecture of the human min...
Publications
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1,507 publications
Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Part 1: diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus. Provisional report of a WHO Consultation
The classification of diabetes mellitus and the tests used for its diagnosis were brought into order by the National Diabetes Data Group of the USA and the second World Health O...
Toward a knowledge‐based theory of the firm
Abstract Given assumptions about the characteristics of knowledge and the knowledge requirements of production, the firm is conceptualized as an institution for integrating know...
Safety and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine
A two-dose regimen of BNT162b2 conferred 95% protection against Covid-19 in persons 16 years of age or older. Safety over a median of 2 months was similar to that of other viral...
Nonlinear Dimensionality Reduction by Locally Linear Embedding
Many areas of science depend on exploratory data analysis and visualization. The need to analyze large amounts of multivariate data raises the fundamental problem of dimensional...
Risk, Return, and Equilibrium: Empirical Tests
This paper tests the relationship between average return and risk for New York Stock Exchange common stocks. The theoretical basis of the tests is the "two-parameter" portfolio ...
Minimap2: pairwise alignment for nucleotide sequences
Abstract Motivation Recent advances in sequencing technologies promise ultra-long reads of ∼100 kb in average, full-length mRNA or cDNA reads in high throughput and genomic cont...
Raman Spectrum of Graphene and Graphene Layers
Graphene is the two-dimensional building block for carbon allotropes of every other dimensionality. We show that its electronic structure is captured in its Raman spectrum that ...
Evaluating Goodness-of-Fit Indexes for Testing Measurement Invariance
Abstract Measurement invariance is usually tested using Multigroup Confirmatory Factor Analysis, which examines the change in the goodness-of-fit index (GFI) when cross-group co...
Numerical solution of initial boundary value problems involving maxwell's equations in isotropic media
Maxwell's equations are replaced by a set of finite difference equations. It is shown that if one chooses the field points appropriately, the set of finite difference equations ...
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Large Language Models in Representing Textual Descriptions of Geometry and Spatial Relations (Short Paper)
This research focuses on assessing the ability of large language models (LLMs) in representing geometries and their spatial relations. We utilize LLMs including GPT-2 and BERT t...