Abstract
Vascular endothelium, the cellular monolayer lining the entire cardiovascular system, is exposed to a variety of biochemical and biomechanical stimuli. Fluid shear stresses generated by blood flow in the vasculature can profoundly influence the phenotype of the endothelium by regulating the activity of certain flow-sensitive proteins (for example, enzymes), as well as by modulating gene expression. The finding that specific fluid mechanical forces can alter endothelial structure and function has provided a framework for a mechanistic understanding of flow-dependent processes, ranging from vascular remodeling in response to hemodynamic changes, to the initiation and localization of chronic vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis.
Keywords
PhenotypeEndotheliumCell biologyBlood flowShear stressVascular remodelling in the embryoHemodynamicsBiologyGene expressionGenePathologyMedicineInternal medicineEndocrinologyGeneticsMaterials science
MeSH Terms
AnimalsArteriosclerosisBlood Flow VelocityEndotheliumVascularGene Expression RegulationHemodynamicsHumansPhenotypeStressMechanical
Affiliated Institutions
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Publication Info
- Year
- 1999
- Type
- review
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 40-46
- Citations
- 386
- Access
- Closed
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Cite This
James N. Topper,
Michael A. Gimbrone
(1999).
Blood flow and vascular gene expression: fluid shear stress as a modulator of endothelial phenotype.
Molecular Medicine Today
, 5
(1)
, 40-46.
https://doi.org/10.1016/s1357-4310(98)01372-0
Identifiers
- DOI
- 10.1016/s1357-4310(98)01372-0
- PMID
- 10088131