Cognitive radio: brain-empowered wireless communications
Cognitive radio is viewed as a novel approach for improving the utilization of a precious natural resource: the radio electromagnetic spectrum. The cognitive radio, built on a s...
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Scale-space and edge detection using anisotropic diffusion
The scale-space technique introduced by Witkin involves generating coarser resolution images by convolving the original image with a Gaussian kernel. This approach has a major d...
Modularity and community structure in networks
Many networks of interest in the sciences, including social networks, computer networks, and metabolic and regulatory networks, are found to divide naturally into communities or...
Efficient Estimation of Word Representations in Vector Space
We propose two novel model architectures for computing continuous vector representations of words from very large data sets. The quality of these representations is measured in ...
Ant system: optimization by a colony of cooperating agents
An analogy with the way ant colonies function has suggested the definition of a new computational paradigm, which we call ant system (AS). We propose it as a viable new approach...
The SIESTA method for<i>ab initio</i>order-<i>N</i>materials simulation
An efficient method is described to handle mesh indexes in multidimensional\nproblems like numerical integration of partial differential equations, lattice\nmodel simulations, a...
Human Breast Cancer: Correlation of Relapse and Survival with Amplification of the HER-2/<i>neu</i>Oncogene
The HER-2/ neu oncogene is a member of the erb B-like oncogene family, and is related to, but distinct from, the epidermal growth factor receptor. This gene has been shown to be...
Cancer statistics, 2014
Abstract Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths that will occur in the United States in the current year and compiles the mo...
Planetary boundaries: Guiding human development on a changing planet
Crossing the boundaries in global sustainability The planetary boundary (PB) concept, introduced in 2009, aimed to define the environmental limits within which humanity can safe...
Diagnosis and Management of the Metabolic Syndrome
The metabolic syndrome has received increased attention in the past few years. This statement from the American Heart Association (AHA) and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood I...