Abstract
Theorists in various fields have discussed characteristics of top managers. This paper attempts to synthesize these previously fragmented literatures around a more general “upper echelons perspective.” The theory states that organizational outcomes—strategic choices and performance levels—are partially predicted by managerial background characteristics. Propositions and methodological suggestions are included.
Keywords
Upper echelonsPerspective (graphical)Reflection (computer programming)Organizational theoryBusinessKnowledge managementProcess managementIndustrial organizationManagementStrategic managementMarketingComputer scienceEconomics
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Publication Info
- Year
- 1984
- Type
- article
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 193-206
- Citations
- 10127
- Access
- Closed
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Cite This
Donald C. Hambrick,
Phyllis A. Mason
(1984).
Upper Echelons: The Organization as a Reflection of Its Top Managers.
Academy of Management Review
, 9
(2)
, 193-206.
https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1984.4277628
Identifiers
- DOI
- 10.5465/amr.1984.4277628