Abstract
In this tutorial survey the principles of radio propagation in indoor environments are reviewed. The channel is modeled as a linear time-varying filter at each location in the three-dimensional space, and the properties of the filter's impulse response are described. Theoretical distributions of the sequences of arrival times, amplitudes and phases are presented. Other relevant concepts such as spatial and temporal variations of the channel, large-scale path losses, mean excess delay and RMS delay spread are explored. Propagation characteristics of the indoor and outdoor channels are compared and their major differences are outlined. Previous measurement and modeling efforts are surveyed, and areas for future research are suggested.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">></ETX>
Keywords
Radio channelChannel (broadcasting)Delay spreadComputer scienceImpulse (physics)Filter (signal processing)Radio propagationPath lossAcousticsTelecommunicationsWirelessPhysicsFadingComputer vision
Affiliated Institutions
Related Publications
Matched filter performance bounds for diversity combining receivers in digital mobile radio
By employing the technique known as the matched filter bound, the authors derive analytical expressions for the distribution and average of the bit-error-rate in an ideal space ...
Bilateral averaging over receiving and transmitting areas for accurate measurements of sector average signal strength inside buildings
In defining path loss for narrowband systems, it is common to introduce the concept of the sector or local average in order to remove the rapid (Rayleigh or Rician) fading. As o...
Optimum linear diversity receivers in digital cellular radio
The paper analyzes and quantifies the performance of a space diversity combining receiver operating in a digital cellular radio environment with quaternary phase shift keying (Q...
Path loss and delay spread models as functions of antenna height for microcellular system design
Results of wideband path loss and delay spread measurements for two representative microcellular environments in the San Francisco Bay area in the 1900 MHz band are presented. T...
28 GHz Angle of Arrival and Angle of Departure Analysis for Outdoor Cellular Communications Using Steerable Beam Antennas in New York City
Propagation measurements at 28 GHz were conducted in outdoor urban environments in New York City using four different transmitter locations and 83 receiver locations with distan...
Publication Info
- Year
- 1993
- Type
- article
- Volume
- 81
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 943-968
- Citations
- 1715
- Access
- Closed
External Links
Social Impact
Altmetric
PlumX Metrics
Social media, news, blog, policy document mentions
Citation Metrics
1715
OpenAlex
Cite This
H. Hashemi
(1993).
The indoor radio propagation channel.
Proceedings of the IEEE
, 81
(7)
, 943-968.
https://doi.org/10.1109/5.231342
Identifiers
- DOI
- 10.1109/5.231342