Abstract
Rats, like dogs, fail to escape following exposure to inescapable shock. This failure to escape does not dissipate in time; rats fail to escape 5 min, 1 hr., 4 hr., 24 hr., and 1 wk. after receiving inescapable shock. Rats that first learned to jump up to escape were not retarded later at bar pressing to escape following inescapable shock. Failure to escape can be broken up by forcibly exposing the rat to an escape contingency. Therefore, the effects of inescapable shock in the rat parallel learned helplessness effects in the dog.
Keywords
Learned helplessnessShock (circulatory)Escape responsePsychologyAvoidance learningDevelopmental psychologyMedicineNeuroscienceInternal medicine
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Publication Info
- Year
- 1975
- Type
- article
- Volume
- 88
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 542-547
- Citations
- 285
- Access
- Closed
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Cite This
Martin E. P. Seligman,
Robert A. Rosellini,
Michael J. Kozak
(1975).
Learned helplessness in the rat: Time course, immunization, and reversibility..
Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology
, 88
(2)
, 542-547.
https://doi.org/10.1037/h0076431
Identifiers
- DOI
- 10.1037/h0076431