Ideology and Ideological State Apparatuses

Abstract

We commonly call rehgious ideology, ethical ideology, legal ideology, poli1ical ideology, CIC., SO many world outlooks. Of course, assuming that C do not live one of these ideologies as !he trulh (e.g. behc,c in God, Duty, Justice, CIC. • .), c admu that I.he ideology we arc di9CUSSmg from a crittcal point of v1cw,cnmming it as the c1hnologist examines the m)'ths of a primitive society, 1ha1 1hesc world outlooks arc largdy imaginary, i c. do not to rcalif). Ho,.c,er, while admining Wt !he) do correspond to reality, i.e. that the) constitute an illusion, we admi1 that they do mal.c allusion to reality, and th•1 1hey need only be in1crprcted to disco,cr !he reality of the orld behind their imagina11 rcprcscntauon of that ,.o,ld (ideology = 1/l,,s10,,f •llus-). There arc different types of interpretation, the most famous of which arc the 'hanim, type, current in the cightccn1h century (God is the imaginary representation of the real King), and !he lttrrtfffltu11, interpretation, inaugurated by !he carli<st O.urch Fathers, and revi,ed b) Feucrbach and !he thcologico­ plulosoph1cal school hich dc,ccnds from him, e.J. !he theologian Barth (to Feuerbach, for example, God is thc essence of real Man). The essential point 151ha1 on condiuon that c interpret !he imaginary tnnspo6ition (and inversion) of ideolog) c arrh'e 11 the conclusion !hat in ideology men represent their real conditions of existence 10 thcmsches in an imaginary form. 295

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