Gender Differences in Patients With COVID-19: Focus on Severity and Mortality

Abstract

<b>Objective:</b> The recent outbreak of Novel Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) is reminiscent of the SARS outbreak in 2003. We aim to compare the severity and mortality between male and female patients with COVID-19 or SARS. <b>Study Design and Setting:</b> We extracted the data from: (1) a case series of 43 hospitalized patients we treated, (2) a public data set of the first 37 cases of patients who died of COVID-19 and 1,019 patients who survived in China, and (3) data of 524 patients with SARS, including 139 deaths, from Beijing in early 2003. <b>Results:</b> Older age and a high number of comorbidities were associated with higher severity and mortality in patients with both COVID-19 and SARS. Age was comparable between men and women in all data sets. In the case series, however, men's cases tended to be more serious than women's (<i>P</i> = 0.035). In the public data set, the number of men who died from COVID-19 is 2.4 times that of women (70.3 vs. 29.7%, <i>P</i> = 0.016). In SARS patients, the gender role in mortality was also observed. The percentage of males were higher in the deceased group than in the survived group (<i>P</i> = 0.015). <b>Conclusion:</b> While men and women have the same prevalence, men with COVID-19 are more at risk for worse outcomes and death, independent of age.

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Affiliated Institutions

• Huazhong University of Science and Technology CN
• Capital Medical University CN
• Union Hospital HK
• Beijing Tongren Hospital CN

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