Components of Adolescent Behavioural Interventions With Eating Disorder Outcomes: Systematic Review With Intervention Mapping

Abstract

ABSTRACT Objective To understand delivery features and intervention strategies of adolescent weight management interventions which may influence eating disorder risk. Methods Systematic searches in four databases and two trial registries to identify randomised controlled trials in adolescents with overweight/obesity measuring eating disorder risk pre‐ and post‐intervention. Delivery features and intervention strategies were coded from published descriptions using a project‐specific codebook, validated by trial investigators and narratively synthesised. Results Of 11 860 records screened, 23 trials, with 54 intervention arms, were included in the analysis. Most interventions focused on weight loss and maintenance (54%) and were informed by a cognitive behavioural framework (43%). Interventions commonly targeted an individual with a support person (70%). Median intervention duration was 26 weeks, with weekly (35%) or staged (e.g., weekly, then monthly) visit (41%) frequency. Interventions had a mean (SD) of 30 (16.1) intervention strategies. Most included healthy eating education (89%), physical activity education (89%) and problem‐solving barriers to dietary change (80%). Few included mental health strategies (17%). Interventions included ‘dietary prescription’ (65%), and 78% promoted ‘healthful/helpful eating behaviours’. Conclusion Weight management interventions are complex and vary in delivery approach and strategies used to change behaviors. Characterising interventions is a critical first step to understanding how weight management interventions' influence eating disorder risk.

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Affiliated Institutions

• Antwerp University Hospital BE
• Washington Center for Weight Management and Research US
• University at Buffalo, State University of New York US
• University of Cambridge GB
• Monash University AU
• Children's Hospital at Westmead AU
• National Institute for Health Research GB
• Virginia Commonwealth University US
• Haukeland University Hospital
• Miriam Hospital US
• University of Ulster GB
• University of Rostock DE
• La Trobe University AU
• Brown University US
• The University of Western Australia AU
• Flinders University AU
• California State University, San Bernardino US
• University College Odisee BE
• National Institutes of Health US
• Ghent University BE
• Phoenix (United States) US
• University of Antwerp BE
• University of Pittsburgh US
• Nova Southeastern University US
• Camden and Campbelltown Hospitals AU
• National Health and Medical Research Council AU
• Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development US
• Florida College US
• Children's Hospital of Los Angeles US
• University of California, San Diego US
• University of Florida US
• MRC Epidemiology Unit GB
• Imperial College London GB
• University of Leeds GB
• Western Sydney University AU
• University of Southern California US
• The University of Sydney AU
• University of Bergen
• Children's Hospital of Richmond at VCU US
• Washington University in St. Louis US
• Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences US

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