A novel polysaccharide from <i>Pholiota nameko</i> (T. Itô) S. Ito &amp; S. Imai residue: chemical structure and hypoglycaemic activity <i>in vitro</i>

Abstract

A novel polysaccharide (APNP) with a molecular weight of 3.56 × 10³ KDa and a total sugar content of 92.35 ± 0.07% was isolated from <i>Pholiota nameko</i> (T. Itô) S. Ito & S. Imai residue using alkaline extraction. Monosaccharide composition analysis revealed that APNP consisted of galactose, glucose, and mannose. FT-IR and NMR analysis results indicate that APNP form linkages between (1→3), (1→6), and (1→3,6)-β-D-glucose, (1→)-α-D-glucose, (1→)-α-D-galactose, and (1→3,6)-β-D-mannose. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed three distinct pyrolysis phases in APNP. Congo Red assay results indicated the absence of triple-helical conformation in APNP under weakly alkaline conditions. <i>In vitro</i> assays demonstrated α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of APNP, with an IC₅₀ value of 0.165 mg/mL. HepG2-IR insulin resistance model and Western blot analyses demonstrated APNP's ability to ameliorate insulin resistance and enhance glucose metabolism.

Affiliated Institutions

• Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Science CN
• Huainan Normal University CN
• Tianjin University of Science and Technology CN

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