Rakesh K. Jain

A framework for advancing our understanding of cancer-associated fibroblasts

Understanding the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) for effective therapy

The clinical successes in immunotherapy have been both astounding and at the same time unsatisfactory. Countless patients with varied tumor types have seen pronounced clinical r...

Time-dependent vascular regression and permeability changes in established human tumor xenografts induced by an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor antibody

The hyperpermeability of tumor vessels to macromolecules, compared with normal vessels, is presumably due to vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular permeability factor (VEG...

Angiogenesis in cancer and other diseases

Pathological angiogenesis is a hallmark of cancer and various ischaemic and inflammatory diseases. Concentrated efforts in this area of research are leading to the discovery of ...

Regulation of transport pathways in tumor vessels: Role of tumor type and microenvironment

Novel anti-neoplastic agents such as gene targeting vectors and encapsulated carriers are quite large (approximately 100–300 nm in diameter). An understanding of the functional ...

Openings between Defective Endothelial Cells Explain Tumor Vessel Leakiness

Leakiness of blood vessels in tumors may contribute to disease progression and is key to certain forms of cancer therapy, but the structural basis of the leakiness is unclear. W...

Interstitial pH and pO2 gradients in solid tumors in vivo: High-resolution measurements reveal a lack of correlation

The partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) and pH play critical roles in tumor biology and therapy. We report here the first combined, high-resolution (< or = 10 microns) measureme...

Hyperplasia of Lymphatic Vessels in VEGF-C Transgenic Mice

No growth factors specific for the lymphatic vascular system have yet been described. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) regulates vascular permeability and angiogenesis,...

Barriers to Drug Delivery in Solid Tumors

Tumor Induction of VEGF Promoter Activity in Stromal Cells

We have established a line of transgenic mice expressing the A. victoria green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of the promoter for vascular endothelial growth factor...

Endothelial cell death, angiogenesis, and microvascular function after castration in an androgen-dependent tumor: Role of vascular endothelial growth factor

The sequence of events that leads to tumor vessel regression and the functional characteristics of these vessels during hormone–ablation therapy are not known. This is because o...

Intussusceptive Microvascular Growth in a Human Colon Adenocarcinoma Xenograft: A Novel Mechanism of Tumor Angiogenesis

Intussusceptive microvascular growth refers to vascular network formation by insertion of interstitial tissue columns, called tissue pillars or posts, into the vascular lumen an...

Leaky vessels? Call Ang1!

Leukocyte-endothelial adhesion and angiogenesis in tumors

Leukocyte-endothelial adhesion and angiogenesis, until recently considered as separate processes, have been shown to be linked by two recent findings: soluble cellular adhesion ...